Trinity
The tiny coastal hamlet of Trinity, with a year-round population of just 200, once had more residents than St. John's. For more than 3 centuries, from its first visit by Portuguese fishermen in the 1500s until well into the 19th century, Trinity benefited from a long and steady tenure as a hub for traders, primarily from England, who supplied the booming fishing economy of Trinity Bay and eastern Newfoundland.
Technological advances (including the railroad) doomed Trinity's merchant class, and the town lapsed into an extended economic slumber. But even today, you can see lingering traces of the town's former affluence, from the attractive flourishes in much of the architecture to the rows of white picket fences all around the village.
Bonavista
Bonavista is a 45-minute drive from Trinity and is a strongly recommended day trip for those spending a night or two in the area. The bay here is noted for its icebergs, which can linger into middle or late summer, so watch for them closely if you're here at that time; scan the horizon with the kids for icebergs and "bergy bits."
Taking the High Road -- If you're approaching Bonavista on Route 230, I'd suggest detouring down Route 238 through Elliston first. This is a pretty coastal village worth the few extra kilometers. More to the point, this route will take you into the town of Bonavista via a nicely scenic road that crosses through high upland barrens. You'll get great views of the whitewashed town with its expansive bay beyond as you crest the hill, and maybe an iceberg or two -- this is a great vantage point from which to check for them before heading back down to sea level and the town.