Getting There

By Plane

Western Canada is linked with the United States, Europe, and Asia by frequent nonstop flights. Calgary and Vancouver are the major air hubs; regional airlines connect to smaller centers.

Air Canada (tel. 888/247-2262; www.aircanada.ca), Canada's dominant airline, has by far the most flights between the United States and Canada, and also offers service to the U.K. out of Calgary and Vancouver. Air Canada also has a number of partner airlines, such as Air Canada Jazz, that fly to secondary cities. Flights on these airlines can be booked from the main Air Canada website.

Most major U.S. carriers also fly daily between cities in Canada and the States -- these include American Airlines (tel. 800/433-7300; www.aa.com), Continental (tel. 800/525-0280; www.continental.com), Delta (tel. 800/221-1212; www.delta.com), Northwest (tel. 800/447-4747; www.nwa.com), United (tel. 800/241-6522; www.ual.com), and US Airways (tel. 800/428-4322; www.usair.com).

International airlines with nonstop service to Vancouver include British Air (tel. 800/247-9297 in the U.S. and Canada, 0845/773-3377 in the U.K.; www.ba.com), KLM (tel. 800/447-7747 in the U.S. and Canada for KLM partner Northwest Airlines), Lufthansa (tel. 800/581-6400 in Canada, 800/563-5954 in the U.S., or 0803/803-803 in Germany; www.lufthansa.com), Qantas (tel. 800/227-4500 in the U.S. and Canada; www.qantas.com), and SAS (tel. 800/221-2350 in the U.S. or Canada; www.scandinavian.net). Asian airlines that fly into Vancouver include China Airlines (tel. 800/227-5118 or 604/682-6777 in Vancouver; www.china-airlines.com), Cathay Pacific (tel. 800/233-2742; www.cathay-usa.com), Japan Air Lines (tel. 800/525-3663; www.japanair.com), and Korean Air (tel. 800/438-5000; www.koreanair.com). Additionally, Air Canada offers international flights from Mexico, most cities in northern Europe, and many centers in Asia. Canada's Air Transat (tel. 866/847-1112; www.airtransat.com) offers still more options from Europe and Latin America.

Another option is to fly into Seattle, Washington. Airfares are frequently less expensive to Seattle, and the difference in distance to destinations such as the Okanagan Valley, the Canadian Rockies, and Vancouver Island is negligible (driving from Seattle to Vancouver, for instance, takes about 2 1/2 hr.). Seattle's Sea-Tac Airport has nonstop flights from London, Copenhagen, Frankfurt, Seoul, Tokyo, and Hong Kong, among others.

By Car

With the longest open border on Earth, it makes sense that many U.S. travelers will consider driving their own car to Canada. There are scores of border crossings between Canada and the U.S. (the U.S. freeway system enters at 13 different locations). However, not all border crossings keep the same hours and many are closed at night. Before you set off to cross the border at a remote location, ascertain if it will be open when you arrive there.

In addition to having the proper ID to cross into Canada, drivers may also be asked to provide proof of car insurance and show the car registration. If you're driving a rental car, you may be asked to show the rental agreement. It's always a good idea to clean your car of perishable foodstuffs before crossing the border; fruit, vegetables, and meat products may be confiscated and may lead to a full search of the car. Remember if you're going hunting that firearms are allowed across the border only in special circumstances.

Once in Canada, you'll find that roads are generally in good condition. There are two major highway routes that cross Canada east to west. Highway 1, which is largely four lanes, travels from Victoria on the Pacific to St. John's in Newfoundland a total of 8,000km (4,960 miles) -- with some ferries along the way. The Yellowhead Highway (Hwy. 16) links Winnipeg to Prince Rupert in B.C. along a more northerly route.

Sample Distances between Major Cities--From Vancouver to: Seattle, 227km (141 miles); Calgary, 975km (605 miles); Edmonton, 1,159km (719 miles)

From Victoria to: Toronto, 4,687km (2,906 miles)

From Calgary to: Edmonton, 294km (182 miles); Montréal, 3,700km (2,294 miles)

By Train

Amtrak (tel. 800/USA-RAIL; www.amtrak.com) can get you into Canada at a few border points, where you can connect up with Canada's VIA Rail (tel. 888/VIA-RAIL; www.viarail.ca) system. On the West Coast, the Cascades runs from Eugene, Oregon, to Vancouver, British Columbia, with stops in Portland and Seattle. Amtrak-operated buses may also connect segments of these routes.

Amtrak and VIA Rail both offer a North American Railpass, which gives you 30 days of unlimited economy-class travel in the U.S. and Canada. Remember that the Railpass doesn't include meals; you can buy meals on the train or carry your own food.

By Bus

Greyhound Canada (tel. 800/661-8747 in Canada; www.greyhound.ca) operates the major intercity bus system in Canada, with frequent cross-border links to cities in the U.S. northern tier (many more than what's offered by Amtrak). In general, Greyhound offers cross-border service along routes where the U.S. freeway system enters Canada. The company offers several discount-pass options for travel in Canada (or both the U.S. and Canada). Prices and details vary; check the website or call for more information.

By Ferry

Ocean ferries operate from Seattle, Anacortes, and Port Angeles, Washington, to Victoria, British Columbia.