The Miao
The Miao, also called Hmong, trace their history back 4,000 years to what is now the Yellow River area in central China. As the first Chinese dynasty (221-207 B.C.) came into being and the Chinese empire expanded, the Miao were driven into the outlying mountain regions. The subsequent southwesterly migration splintered the Miao into different subgroups with their own dialects, dress, and customs, making them one of the most diversified ethnic groups in China. Black, Red, White, Long-Horned, Flowery, Mountain, and Long-Skirt Miao are just some names that the Han Chinese gave to the Miao, based on their appearance or locale. Those who continued their southerly migration into Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam are generally known as Hmong. Today there are about eight million Hmong worldwide.
Miao festivals such as the Miao New Year, the Sisters' Meal Festival (Zimeifan Jie), and the Lusheng Festival (dates vary by village) are occasions for young men and women to socialize and find marriage partners. Traditional Han Chinese consider attracting attention invites misfortune. The events are marked by dancing, the playing of lusheng (a musical instrument made of pipes), buffalo fighting (not as bad as you might imagine), and horse racing. If at all possible, time your visit during one of these occasions. The Miao are generally very hospitable and will greet visitors with cups of locally brewed rice wine, the ultimate sign of respect from some of the hardiest drinkers around.
